She is an Associate Professor at Icahn School of Medicine and a Founding Member of the IAMM. In 2005, she initiated the Louis Armstrong Center for Music and Medicine (LACMM), extending in-patient to an out-patient clinic and multi-site research center. Joanne Loewy DA, LCAT, MT-BC is an author, researcher, international speaker and founding director of the Department of Music Therapy, which she initiated at Mount Sinai Beth Israel in NYC in 1994. It will be argued that this is particularly the case for music. It appears that the more direct the passage from the unconscious to re-representations the higher the value of an artistic creation. This is the second ‘big bang’ of or mental evolution, which in addition to language, includes the re-representations of mathematics, computers, technology, and arts. I label the emerging constructions or symbols re-representations. Instead, I propose a second hypothesis: we possess a predisposition to construct real versions of our mental images and our mental representations, or to assign to them specific symbols.
In my opinion, this is not entirely correct. Many scholars have highlighted this great gift as the key difference between us and other creatures possessing consciousness. So why do we differ from them qualitatively? Of course, we have the privilege of language, which, enriches enormously our capacity to communicate. Many of our evolutionary predecessors possess consciousness. The generalization of this process gives rise to the first hypothesis: every conscious experience is preceded by an unconscious process. I will refer to the conscious construction of the percept as its mental image. Namely, the unconscious informs consciousness of the given percept.Īt this moment, the first ‘big bang’ takes place: awareness. About a third of second after an unconscious reconstruction, the brain informs itself of what the brain already knows. I will refer to the unconscious reconstruction of the percept as its mental representation. Visual perception is achieved via the deconstruction of a given percept followed by its reconstruction. The lecture will discuss in brief these evolutions and their relevance to music medicine. Work done to-date has highlighted the need for improving the integrity of scientific investigations and for enhancing their credibility through better alignment of the reward system with the standards of high-quality research.
#ALEXANDROS MT SINAI HOW TO#
A new discipline, meta-research, is integrating efforts to evaluate and improve research practices, including how to do, analyze, evaluate, disseminate, and reward scientific efforts. The success rates are consistently low, although some fields perform better than others. Concurrently, targeted reproducibility efforts are trying to see how often high-profile investigations can be successfully reproduced in explicitly designed, repeat experiments and studies.
These efforts often reveal major biases in the design, conduct, and reporting of research studies in all fields of scientific investigation. Over 100,000 meta-analyses have tried to synthesize the available evidence across diverse scientific topics – with variable success. With close to 200,000,000 published scholarly documents across science, there is tremendous potential to synthesize the available evidence and to appraise also how research practices are evolving over time. There has been increasing interest in empirical studies to understand the replication and reproducibility of scientific research.
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